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这篇学什么

让你不敢开口的三个原因:怕说错、先在脑子里翻译、觉得词不够多——以及为什么这三个都不该拦住你;母语者听到外国人说中文时的真实反应——他们是真的高兴,常会说「你中文说得真好」,他们听的是你的意思,不是你的语法对不对;真正管用的保命句——点菜说「我要这个」、问路说「请问,这个地方在哪里?」,以及为什么有时候只说「火车站」三个字就够了

逐句阅读
小悦大家好,欢迎收听新一期的《大白话中文》!我是小悦!

Hey everyone! Welcome to a new episode of Simply Natural Chinese! I'm Xiao Yue!

Leo大家好,我是 Leo。

Hey everyone, I'm Leo.

小悦Leo,今天你看起来很开心啊。

Leo, you look really happy today.

Leo对,因为今天的话题我特别喜欢。

Yeah, because I really like today's topic.

小悦什么话题?快说快说。

What topic? Tell me, tell me.

Leo今天我们想跟大家说一句话——你的中文,比你想象中的好。

Today we want to tell everyone one thing — your Chinese is better than you think.

小悦哇,这句话太好了。

Wow, that's such a great line.

Leo对吧?我觉得很多人学中文,学了很久,但是不敢说。

Right? I think a lot of people study Chinese for a long time, but don't dare to speak.

小悦是的,我也常常听到。

Yeah, I hear that a lot too.

Leo他们觉得自己说得不好,所以不开口。

They think they don't speak well, so they stay quiet.

小悦但是其实,他们说得真的不差。

But actually, they speak really not badly at all.

Leo没错。我自己以前也是这样。

Exactly. I used to be like that myself.

小悦真的吗?你以前不敢说中文?

Really? You used to be afraid to speak Chinese?

Leo对啊。你别看我现在能跟你聊天,以前我很怕说错。

Yeah. Don't let it fool you that I can chat with you now — I used to be really scared of making mistakes.

小悦哈哈,我有点想不到。

Haha, I wouldn't have guessed.

Leo那时候我刚回杭州,每次开口我都很紧张。

Back then I had just moved back to Hangzhou, and every time I spoke I got nervous.

小悦紧张什么呢?

Nervous about what?

Leo怕别人听不懂,也怕别人笑我。

Afraid people wouldn't understand, and afraid they'd laugh at me.

小悦原来是这样。

Ah, I see.

Leo所以今天我们就聊聊这个,好不好?

So today let's talk about this, okay?

小悦好啊,我觉得很多人需要听一听。

Sure, I think a lot of people need to hear this.

Leo先说说,为什么大家不敢开口?

First, let's talk about why people are afraid to speak.

小悦你觉得呢?你是过来人。

What do you think? You've been there.

Leo第一个原因,怕说错。

First reason: afraid of making mistakes.

小悦嗯,这个很常见。

Mm, that's very common.

Leo很多人觉得,说错了很丢人。

A lot of people feel that making a mistake is embarrassing.

小悦但是说错了,真的没关系啊。

But making mistakes really doesn't matter.

Leo对,可是当时我不这么想。

Right, but back then I didn't see it that way.

小悦你那时候怎么想的?

How did you think back then?

Leo我想,如果我说错了,别人会觉得我中文很差。

I thought, if I make a mistake, people will think my Chinese is terrible.

小悦其实不会的。

Actually, they won't.

Leo现在我知道了,可是以前我一直这么担心。

I know that now, but I used to worry about it all the time.

小悦第二个原因呢?

And the second reason?

Leo第二个,先在脑子里翻译。

Second: translating in your head first.

小悦这个我也听学生说过。

I've heard students say that too.

Leo对。我想说一句话,先用英文想,再翻译成中文。

Right. I'd want to say something, think it in English first, then translate it into Chinese.

小悦那是不是很慢?

Isn't that really slow?

Leo非常慢。等我翻译好,话题已经过去了。

Super slow. By the time I'd translated it, the conversation had already moved on.

小悦哈哈,那确实很急人。

Haha, that's really frustrating.

Leo所以我常常什么都没说。

So I often ended up saying nothing at all.

小悦还有别的原因吗?

Any other reasons?

Leo还有一个,觉得自己词不够多。

One more: feeling like you don't know enough words.

小悦你是说,会的词太少?

You mean, you know too few words?

Leo对。我想,我只会几百个词,怎么聊天?

Right. I thought, I only know a few hundred words, how can I have a conversation?

小悦但是你看,几百个词,已经可以说很多事了。

But look, a few hundred words is already enough to talk about a lot of things.

Leo现在我知道。可是以前我觉得不够。

I know that now. But back then I felt it wasn't enough.

小悦我懂。很多人都是这样想的。

I get it. A lot of people think that way.

Leo小悦,那我问你一个问题。

Xiao Yue, let me ask you a question.

小悦你说。

Go ahead.

Leo中国人听到外国人说中文,真的不会笑吗?

When Chinese people hear a foreigner speak Chinese, do they really not laugh?

小悦真的不会。我跟你说,我们会很高兴。

Really, no. Let me tell you, we're really happy about it.

Leo很高兴?

Happy?

小悦对啊。你知道吗?很多中国人觉得中文很难。

Yeah. You know what? A lot of Chinese people think Chinese is really hard.

Leo嗯,我也常常听到这句话。

Mm, I hear that a lot too.

小悦所以看到外国人说中文,我们会觉得,哇,真厉害。

So when we see a foreigner speaking Chinese, we think, wow, that's impressive.

Leo所以你们不是在笑,是在夸?

So you're not laughing, you're complimenting?

小悦对!我们会说,你中文说得真好。

Right! We'll say, your Chinese is really good.

Leo可是有时候我说得不好啊。

But sometimes I don't speak well.

小悦没关系。我们听得懂就很高兴了。

It doesn't matter. As long as we understand, we're already happy.

Leo这个真的跟我以前想的不一样。

This is really different from what I used to think.

小悦而且,你知道吗?我们一般不会管你的语法。

And, you know what? We usually don't care about your grammar.

Leo不管语法?

Don't care about grammar?

小悦对。你说"我昨天去那个,那个吃饭",我们也听得懂。

Right. You could say "yesterday I went to the, the, eat" and we'd still understand.

Leo哈哈,你说得很对。

Haha, you're so right.

小悦我们想的是,他在说什么,不是他说得对不对。

What we're thinking is, what is he saying — not whether he said it correctly.

Leo所以听懂最重要。

So being understood is what matters most.

小悦没错。你能让别人听懂,就已经很好了。

Exactly. If you can make yourself understood, that's already great.

Leo我现在想起一件事。

Now I'm remembering something.

小悦什么事?

What is it?

Leo我第一次自己一个人坐出租车。

The first time I took a taxi by myself.

小悦哦,说说看。

Oh, tell me about it.

Leo那时候我特别紧张,一直在想要怎么说。

I was really nervous, kept thinking about how to say it.

小悦你想说什么?

What did you want to say?

Leo我想说,请送我去这个地方,谢谢。

I wanted to say, please take me to this place, thank you.

小悦这句话不难啊。

That sentence isn't hard.

Leo对,可是上车以前我练了好几遍。

Right, but before I got in I practiced it several times.

小悦哈哈,太可爱了。

Haha, that's so cute.

Leo然后我上车,结果我只说了三个字。

Then I got in, and I only said three words.

小悦哪三个字?

Which three words?

Leo我说"火车站"。

I said "train station."

小悦哈哈哈,就三个字?

Hahaha, just three words?

Leo对!可是司机马上就懂了。

Yeah! But the driver understood right away.

小悦你看,三个字也够了。

See, three words was enough.

Leo是啊。他还跟我聊了一路。

Yeah. He even chatted with me the whole way.

小悦聊什么了?

What did you talk about?

Leo他问我是哪里人,在中国做什么。

He asked where I'm from and what I do in China.

小悦那你怎么回答的?

And how did you answer?

Leo我说得很简单,可是他都听懂了。

I said it really simply, but he understood all of it.

小悦然后呢?

And then?

Leo下车的时候,他说,你中文不错啊。

When I got out, he said, your Chinese is pretty good.

小悦你看吧!

See!

Leo那一刻我特别开心。

In that moment I was so happy.

小悦因为你发现,其实没那么难。

Because you realized it's actually not that hard.

Leo对。从那以后,我就敢说了。

Right. After that, I dared to speak.

小悦这就是一个好的开始。

That's a good start.

Leo所以我想跟大家说,先开口,别等。

So I want to tell everyone: speak first, don't wait.

小悦对,别等到你觉得自己"准备好了"。

Right, don't wait until you feel "ready."

Leo因为那一天可能永远不会来。

Because that day might never come.

小悦哈哈,说得真对。

Haha, so true.

Leo小悦,那你觉得,应该怎么开始说呢?

Xiao Yue, so how do you think people should start speaking?

小悦我觉得,可以从最简单的开始。

I think you can start with the simplest things.

Leo比如?

Like what?

小悦比如打招呼。你好、谢谢、再见。

Like greetings. Hello, thank you, goodbye.

Leo这些大家都会。

Everyone knows those.

小悦对啊。那就用啊。买东西的时候说"你好",走的时候说"谢谢"。

Right. So use them. Say "hello" when you buy something, say "thank you" when you leave.

Leo这个真的很简单。

That really is simple.

小悦还有,点菜的时候,可以说"我要这个"。

Also, when ordering food, you can say "I want this one."

Leo哈哈,我以前就常常说"这个、这个"。

Haha, I used to say "this one, this one" all the time.

小悦很好啊!店员马上就懂了,对不对?

That's great! The server understood right away, didn't they?

Leo对,从来没出过问题。

Right, never had a problem.

小悦你看,你不需要会很多词。

See, you don't need to know a lot of words.

Leo还有问路。

Also asking for directions.

小悦对。你可以说"请问,这个地方在哪里?"

Right. You can say "excuse me, where is this place?"

Leo这句话我也用过很多次。

I've used that one a lot too.

小悦大家都会很热心地告诉你。

People will warmly tell you the way.

Leo是的,有的人还会带我走一段。

Yeah, some people even walk part of the way with me.

小悦中国人就是这样,很愿意帮忙。

Chinese people are just like that — really willing to help.

Leo所以学习者真的不用怕。

So learners really don't need to be afraid.

小悦对。你开口,大家就会帮你。

Right. You speak, and people will help you.

Leo小悦,我还想说一个事。

Xiao Yue, there's one more thing I want to say.

小悦你说。

Go ahead.

Leo说错了,其实是好事。

Making a mistake is actually a good thing.

小悦哦?为什么这么说?

Oh? Why do you say that?

Leo因为你说错了,别人会帮你改。

Because when you make a mistake, people will help you fix it.

小悦对!这样你就学到了。

Right! That's how you learn.

Leo我给你举个例子。

Let me give you an example.

小悦好。

Okay.

Leo我以前一直说"我很饱了",在饭前说。

I used to always say "I'm full" — before the meal.

小悦哈哈,饭前说"饱了"?

Haha, saying "I'm full" before eating?

Leo对!我以为"饿"和"饱"是一个意思。

Yeah! I thought "hungry" and "full" meant the same thing.

小悦那别人怎么说?

And what did people say?

Leo我的朋友笑着说,你是不是想说"饿"?

My friend laughed and said, do you mean "hungry"?

小悦然后你就记住了。

And then you remembered it.

Leo对!从那以后我再也没说错。

Yeah! After that I never got it wrong again.

小悦你看,说错一次,记一辈子。

See, get it wrong once, remember it for life.

Leo所以不要怕说错。

So don't be afraid of making mistakes.

小悦没错。不说话,才学不到东西。

Exactly. It's not speaking that keeps you from learning.

Leo我还有一个办法,想跟大家说。

I have one more method I want to share.

小悦什么办法?

What method?

Leo找一个中国朋友,常常聊天。

Find a Chinese friend and chat often.

小悦这个办法很好。

That's a great method.

Leo不用聊很深的话题,聊吃的、聊天气都行。

You don't need deep topics — food, the weather, anything works.

小悦对呀。今天吃了什么,明天去哪里玩。

Right. What you ate today, where you're going tomorrow.

Leo这样说着说着,就越来越顺了。

And little by little, it gets smoother and smoother.

小悦而且有朋友在,你也不会那么紧张。

And with a friend there, you won't be as nervous.

Leo对。朋友会等你慢慢说。

Right. A friend will wait for you to take your time.

小悦说错了,朋友也不会笑你。

And if you mess up, a friend won't laugh at you.

Leo是的。如果你身边有这样的人,太好了。

Yeah. If you have someone like that around you, that's wonderful.

小悦如果没有呢?

And if you don't?

Leo那也可以跟店员、跟司机说。

Then you can talk to shop staff, to drivers.

小悦哈哈,跟陌生人练。

Haha, practice with strangers.

Leo对啊!反正他们也不认识你。

Yeah! They don't know you anyway.

小悦说得对,说错了也不丢人。

True — even if you mess up, it's not embarrassing.

Leo我以前就常常这样练。

I used to practice that way a lot.

小悦还有,可以自己跟自己说。

Also, you can talk to yourself.

Leo自己跟自己说?

Talk to yourself?

小悦对。比如做饭的时候,说"我现在要放盐了"。

Right. Like when you're cooking, say "now I'm going to add salt."

Leo哈哈,这个有意思。

Haha, that's fun.

小悦没人听见,你想怎么说就怎么说。

Nobody's listening, so you can say it however you want.

Leo这个办法不错,我要试试。

That's a good method, I'm going to try it.

小悦你看,办法有很多。

See, there are lots of methods.

Leo最重要的还是那句话——开口。

The most important thing is still that one word — speak.

小悦对。你不开口,永远不知道自己有多好。

Right. If you don't speak, you'll never know how good you are.

Leo说到这个,我想到我奶奶。

Speaking of which, I think of my grandma.

小悦哦,你奶奶?

Oh, your grandma?

Leo对。我奶奶完全听不懂英语。

Right. My grandma doesn't understand any English at all.

小悦所以你只能跟她说中文。

So you can only speak Chinese with her.

Leo对。一开始我特别怕跟她说话。

Right. At first I was really scared to talk to her.

小悦怕说不好?

Afraid you wouldn't speak well?

Leo对。我怕她听不懂,我们两个就只能看着对方。

Right. I was afraid she wouldn't understand, and we'd just end up staring at each other.

小悦那后来呢?

And then?

Leo后来我发现,奶奶比谁都有耐心。

Then I realized grandma has more patience than anyone.

小悦哈哈,奶奶都是这样的。

Haha, grandmas are all like that.

Leo我说一句,她等一会儿,慢慢听。

I'd say a sentence, she'd wait a moment, listen slowly.

小悦然后她就懂了。

And then she'd understand.

Leo对。就算我说错了,她也猜得出来。

Right. Even if I said it wrong, she could still figure it out.

小悦奶奶懂你。

Grandma gets you.

Leo是的。跟奶奶聊天,我一点都不紧张了。

Yeah. Talking with grandma, I'm not nervous at all anymore.

小悦因为你知道,她不会笑你。

Because you know she won't laugh at you.

Leo对。其实大部分人都不会笑你。

Right. Actually, most people won't laugh at you.

小悦没错。是我们自己想太多了。

Exactly. It's us overthinking it.

Leo你说得对。我以前就是想太多。

You're right. I used to overthink it.

小悦所以今天听节目的朋友,记住了——

So everyone listening today, remember this —

Leo你的中文,比你想象中的好。

Your Chinese is better than you think.

小悦你会的,比你以为的多。

You know more than you think.

Leo你说出来的,别人也听得懂。

What you say, people can understand.

小悦所以,开口吧。

So, speak up.

Leo小悦,我们再说说,如果开口以后,别人没听懂怎么办?

Xiao Yue, let's talk about this too — after you speak, what if the other person doesn't understand?

小悦那也很简单啊,换个说法再说一遍。

That's simple too — say it again a different way.

Leo换个说法?

Say it a different way?

小悦对。比如你说一个词他没懂,你就用别的词解释。

Right. Like if you say a word they don't get, explain it with other words.

Leo哦,就像我跟奶奶那样。

Oh, just like I do with grandma.

小悦对。或者用手比一比也行。

Right. Or you can use gestures, that works too.

Leo哈哈,我以前真的常常用手。

Haha, I really used to use my hands a lot.

小悦这没什么不好啊,能让别人懂就行。

There's nothing wrong with that — as long as it gets the point across.

Leo是的,沟通最重要。

Yeah, communicating is what matters most.

小悦而且你解释的时候,又练了一遍中文。

And when you explain it, you get to practice Chinese one more time.

Leo对,这样更好。

Right, that's even better.

小悦所以"没听懂"也不可怕。

So "not being understood" isn't scary either.

Leo嗯,再说一遍就好了。

Mm, just say it again.

小悦我们中国人自己有时候也会"啊?你说什么?"

We Chinese people sometimes go "Huh? What did you say?" ourselves.

Leo哈哈,对,这很正常。

Haha, right, that's totally normal.

小悦所以你不用觉得,是因为你是外国人。

So don't think it's because you're a foreigner.

Leo对,是这样。

Right, that's it.

小悦Leo,你现在还会紧张吗?

Leo, do you still get nervous now?

Leo偶尔会,但是比以前少多了。

Sometimes, but a lot less than before.

小悦什么时候会紧张?

When do you get nervous?

Leo比如打电话的时候。

Like when I'm on the phone.

小悦哦,打电话看不到对方。

Oh, on the phone you can't see the other person.

Leo对,所以有点难。

Right, so it's a bit harder.

小悦那也是慢慢练就好了。

That just takes practice too.

Leo是的。我现在打电话也比以前好了。

Yeah. I'm better on the phone now than I used to be.

小悦你看,你一直在进步。

See, you keep improving.

Leo对,只要一直说,就会进步。

Right, as long as you keep speaking, you'll improve.

小悦而且你可能自己没发现。

And you might not even notice it yourself.

Leo是的。有时候朋友会说,你中文进步了。

Yeah. Sometimes a friend will say, your Chinese has gotten better.

小悦那种感觉一定很好。

That must feel really good.

Leo特别好。所以我想跟大家说,别放弃。

Really good. So I want to tell everyone: don't give up.

小悦对。你已经走了很远了。

Right. You've already come a long way.

Leo你只是没回头看。

You just haven't looked back.

小悦说得真好。

Beautifully put.

Leo小悦,我们快说完了,你想跟大家说点什么?

Xiao Yue, we're almost done — what would you like to say to everyone?

小悦我想说,下次你想说中文的时候,就说出来。

I'd say, next time you want to say something in Chinese, just say it.

Leo不要先在心里想"我说得对不对"。

Don't first think in your head "am I saying this right."

小悦对。先说,说错了再改。

Right. Say it first, fix it if it's wrong.

Leo错误是你的朋友,不是你的敌人。

Mistakes are your friends, not your enemies.

小悦哈哈,这句话我喜欢。

Haha, I like that line.

Leo是真的。每个说错的地方,都是你下次会的地方。

It's true. Every place you get wrong is a place you'll get right next time.

小悦所以大家,从今天开始,多说一点点。

So everyone, starting today, speak a little bit more.

Leo今天比昨天多说一句话,就够了。

One more sentence today than yesterday — that's enough.

小悦慢慢地,你会发现自己说得越来越好。

Slowly, you'll find yourself speaking better and better.

Leo而且你会发现,其实你早就可以了。

And you'll find that you've actually been able to do it all along.

小悦你的中文,一直都比你想象中的好。

Your Chinese has always been better than you think.

Leo对。我们今天就是想告诉你这个。

Right. That's exactly what we wanted to tell you today.

小悦好了,今天就聊到这里。

Okay, that's it for today.

Leo如果你听了今天的节目,想试着开口说中文——

If you listened to today's episode and want to try speaking Chinese —

小悦可以在评论里告诉我们,你今天说了什么。

tell us in the comments what you said today.

Leo哪怕只是一句"你好",也告诉我们。

Even if it's just a "hello," tell us.

小悦我们会很高兴看到的。

We'd be really happy to see it.

Leo好了,感谢大家收听今天的节目。

Alright, thanks everyone for listening to today's episode.

小悦今天就聊到这里,感谢大家收听《大白话中文》!

That's it for today, thanks everyone for listening to Simply Natural Chinese!

Leo我们下期再见!

See you next time!

小悦拜拜!

Bye-bye!

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