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这篇学什么

练习你属什么、我属马,再用你呢把问题接回去。;分清星座与生肖,核对一月二月生日的春节分界。;认识十二种动物、十二年循环与本命年。

逐句阅读
小悦你跟学生说你属狮子,他们没笑你吗?

You told your students your Chinese zodiac animal was a lion? Didn't they laugh?

Leo他们问狮子排第几,我当场答不上来。

They asked where the lion came in the list. I had no answer.

小悦你把星座和生肖弄混了,应该说我属马。

You mixed up star signs and Chinese zodiac animals. You should say, "I was born in the Year of the Horse."

Leo原来我连自己属什么,都还没搞清楚。

So I didn't even know my own Chinese zodiac animal.

小悦先记一句,你属什么?就是问你的生肖。

Remember this question first: "Ni shu shen me?" It asks for your Chinese zodiac animal.

Leo那我回答我属马,这次总算答对了吧?

Then I'll say, "Wo shu ma." Have I finally got it right?

小悦答对了,今天再把怎么算、怎么聊说清楚。

Yes. Today we'll also work out how to find your animal and talk about it.

Leo好,明天英语课要讲动物,我可不能再说错。

Good. We're covering animals in English class tomorrow. I'd better get this right.

小悦你怎么会想到狮子?是按生日月份选的?

What made you choose a lion? Did you go by your birth month?

Leo对,我八月十六日出生,西方星座是狮子座。

Yes. My birthday is August 16, so my Western star sign is Leo.

小悦星座看出生的月和日,生肖主要看年份。

Star signs depend on the month and day; Chinese zodiac animals mainly depend on the year.

Leo所以同年出生的人,通常属同一种动物?

So people born in the same year usually have the same animal?

小悦通常是这样,不过一月二月的生日要查清楚。

Usually, yes. But January and February birthdays need a closer check.

Leo这个小陷阱先记着,我想先把回答练熟。

I'll keep that little catch in mind. First I want to practice answering.

小悦可以,我再问一遍,你属什么?

Sure. Let me ask again: what's your Chinese zodiac animal?

Leo我属马。反过来问你呢,说你呢就行?

I'm a horse. To ask you back, can I just say, "And you?"

小悦对,我就回答,我属蛇。这样已经聊起来了。

Yes. I'd answer, "I'm a snake." And there you are, having a conversation.

Leo比我解释半天狮子为什么不在名单里轻松。

That's easier than explaining why my lion isn't on the list.

小悦问生肖,也常说你属什么属相,意思一样。

People also ask, "What's your shuxiang?" Shuxiang means the same thing as shengxiao.

Leo生肖、属相,两个名字说的是同一件事。

Shengxiao and shuxiang. Two names for the same thing.

小悦现在来核对,你是哪一年出生的?

Let's check now. What year were you born in?

Leo二零零二年,生日已经说过了,八月十六日。

2002. And as I said, my birthday is August 16.

小悦这样就确定了,二零零二年夏天出生,属马。

That settles it. Born in the summer of 2002 means you're a horse.

Leo今年二零二六年,我刚过完二十四岁生日。

It's 2026, and I've recently turned twenty-four.

小悦对,三月录第一期时,你还只有二十三岁。

Right. When we recorded our first episode in March, you were still twenty-three.

Leo你那时候二十四岁,现在也长大一岁了吧?

You were twenty-four then. You've had a birthday since, too, right?

小悦是呀,我二零零一年四月二十六日出生。

Yes. I was born on April 26, 2001.

Leo所以现在你二十五,我二十四,你还是姐姐。

So now you're twenty-five and I'm twenty-four. You're still the older one.

小悦年龄算对了,不过别每次进店都先报一遍。

Your math is right. But you don't have to announce our ages every time you visit.

Leo放心,我只在心里记,免得再猜错。

Don't worry. I'll just remember them so I don't guess wrong again.

小悦你看,这两年正好挨着,先蛇年,再马年。

Those two animal years come one after the other: snake, then horse.

Leo那么每一年都有一种动物,一共有多少种?

So each year has an animal. How many animals are there?

小悦一共十二种,按固定顺序轮流出现。

Twelve in total. They take turns in a fixed order.

Leo难怪叫十二生肖,不是每年随便挑一种。

That's why they're called the twelve zodiac animals. Nobody picks a new one at random.

小悦前六个是鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇。

The first six are rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, and snake.

Leo后面从我开始,是马和羊,再往后呢?

Then it's my turn: horse and goat. What comes after those?

小悦再往后是猴、鸡、狗、猪,然后回到鼠。

Next come monkey, rooster, dog, and pig. Then it's back to rat.

Leo这样分成两组,比一口气背十二个容易。

Two groups are easier to remember than all twelve at once.

小悦对,先记自己的,再记前后两个就行。

Yes. Start with your own animal, then learn the ones before and after it.

Leo我的前面是蛇,后面是羊,这下有位置了。

Snake before me, goat after me. Now I know where I fit.

小悦十二年轮完一遍,再从头来,就叫循环。

After twelve years, it starts over. That's a cycle.

Leo今年马年,那下一个马年就是二零三八年。

This is a horse year, so the next one will be 2038.

小悦没错,到那年八月,你就满三十六岁了。

Exactly. You'll turn thirty-six in August that year.

Leo听着突然有点远,我先把今年过好。

That suddenly sounds far away. I'll focus on this year first.

小悦刚才的名单里,没有猫,也没有狮子。

There was no cat on that list. And no lion, either.

Leo我知道狮子去哪了,可你家的小花怎么办?

I know where my lion belongs now. But what about your cat, Xiao Hua?

小悦小花不用上名单,它只管睡觉和等饭。

Xiao Hua doesn't need to be on the list. She just sleeps and waits for food.

Leo听起来它比十二种动物都过得轻松。

Sounds like she has an easier life than all twelve animals.

小悦猫没有入选,有不同的民间故事,听着玩就好。

There are different folk stories about why the cat wasn't chosen. They're just stories to enjoy.

Leo明白,故事能帮忙记忆,不能当历史答案。

Got it. Stories can help us remember, but they aren't historical explanations.

小悦现在回到一月二月,那里最容易算错。

Now, back to January and February. That's where mistakes happen most easily.

Leo同样是二零零二年出生,也不一定都属马?

So not everyone born in 2002 is necessarily a horse?

小悦对,日常说生肖,一般按农历新年换年。

Right. In everyday usage, the zodiac year usually changes at Chinese New Year.

Leo农历新年就是春节,不是阳历的一月一日。

Chinese New Year means the Spring Festival, not January 1 on the regular calendar.

小悦没错,春节以前出生,还要算上一个属相。

Exactly. Someone born before the Spring Festival still has the previous year's animal.

Leo假如二零零二年一月出生,就可能属蛇。

So someone born in January 2002 could be a snake.

小悦对,那年春节在二月,一月还是蛇年。

Yes. Chinese New Year was in February that year, so January was still in the snake year.

Leo那不能只拿出生年份,随便查一张动物表。

Then I shouldn't just use my birth year with any animal chart I find.

小悦一月二月出生,要连具体日期一起核对。

For January or February birthdays, check the exact date as well.

Leo我八月出生,不在春节前后,就不用纠结。

My birthday is in August, nowhere near Chinese New Year, so that's straightforward.

小悦对,查的时候也看清,是按春节还是别的规则。

Yes. Also check whether your source uses Chinese New Year or a different rule.

Leo还有别的规则?我以为全都一样呢。

There are other rules? I thought every source used the same one.

小悦有些命理说法按立春,和日常习惯不一样。

Some fortune-telling traditions use the start of spring, which differs from everyday usage.

Leo那我们今天聊日常表达,按春节来理解。

We're practicing everyday conversation today, so we'll use Chinese New Year.

小悦对,先说明用哪种算法,就不容易吵起来。

Right. Say which convention you're using, and there's less room for an argument.

Leo我学个属相,居然还学会了先确认规则。

I came to learn my animal and ended up learning to check the rules first.

小悦还有个常见问题,羊到底是哪一种羊?

Here's another common question: what kind of animal does yang refer to?

Leo英文可以说山羊,也有人说绵羊,是吧?

English uses both goat and sheep for that zodiac year, right?

小悦是呀,中文说属羊就够了,不用挑品种。

Yes. In Chinese, saying "shu yang" is enough. You don't need to choose a kind.

Leo那我不用为学生的卡片,画两种不同的羊。

Then I don't need two different kinds of sheep and goats on my students' cards.

小悦说到今年,你发现自己还有个特别身份吗?

Speaking of this year, have you noticed you have another special connection to it?

Leo我的生肖是马,今年也是马年,轮到我了?

My animal is the horse, and this is a horse year. So it's my turn?

小悦没错,轮到自己属相的那年,叫本命年。

Exactly. The year of your own animal is called your benmingnian.

Leo所以今年是我的本命年,不是你的。

So this is my benmingnian, not yours.

小悦对,我属蛇,我的上一个本命年是去年。

Right. I'm a snake, so my last benmingnian was last year.

Leo那我上一次是二零一四年,当时十二岁。

Then mine was in 2014, when I turned twelve.

小悦这次二十四,下次三十六,都是隔十二年。

Twenty-four this time, thirty-six next time. Twelve years between each one.

Leo奶奶以前寄给我红袜子,原来是这个意思。

Grandma used to send me red socks. So that's what they meant.

小悦本命年穿红色,是一种求平安的传统习俗。

Wearing red in your benmingnian is a traditional way of wishing for peace and safety.

Leo除了袜子,还有红腰带、红手绳,对吧?

Besides socks, there are red belts and red bracelets, right?

小悦都有,但不是每个人都会穿,也没有硬规定。

Yes. But not everyone wears them, and there isn't a strict rule.

Leo幸好,不然我可能得把衣柜全换成红色。

That's a relief. Otherwise I might have to replace my whole wardrobe with red clothes.

小悦一条手绳就能表达祝福,不用全身大红。

One bracelet can carry the good wishes. You don't need red from head to toe.

Leo那穿红色,真的会让这一年更顺利吗?

But does wearing red actually make the year go more smoothly?

小悦这是美好的愿望,不能保证事情一定顺利。

It's a kind wish. It can't guarantee that everything will go well.

Leo工作要准备,出门要看路,不能全靠袜子。

I still need to prepare for work and watch where I'm going. Socks can't do everything.

小悦对,家人送红色礼物,更多是在表达关心。

Exactly. A red gift from family is often a way of showing they care.

Leo奶奶没写什么大道理,就是让我平平安安。

Grandma didn't write anything grand. She just wanted me to stay safe and well.

小悦所以收到时,说句谢谢你的心意就很好。

So when you receive one, "Thank you for thinking of me" is a lovely response.

Leo谢谢你的心意,这句话比讨论灵不灵暖和。

"Thank you for thinking of me." That's warmer than debating whether it works.

小悦这条红手绳送你,算是补上一份祝福。

Here, this red bracelet is for you. A little belated good wish.

Leo真的?那我现在戴上,不等下一个马年了。

Really? Then I'll put it on now. No waiting for the next horse year.

小悦当然,现在还是你的本命年,戴着正合适。

Of course. It's still your benmingnian, so this is a good time for it.

Leo红色配我的墨绿衬衫,倒是挺好看的。

The red looks rather good with my dark green shirt.

小悦这回先看搭配,再看属相,顺序也没问题。

You can think about the outfit before the zodiac. That order works too.

Leo我还以为红色礼物,只能春节的时候送。

I thought red gifts were only for Chinese New Year.

小悦不用等节日,想祝福一个人,平时也能送。

You don't need to wait for a festival. You can wish someone well any day.

Leo那明天我给奶奶打电话,先说谢谢她惦记。

I'll call Grandma tomorrow and thank her for always thinking of me.

小悦她听见你会说本命年,肯定很高兴。

I'm sure she'll be delighted to hear you say benmingnian.

Leo只要我别再说,我今年是狮子的本命年。

As long as I don't tell her this is my lion year.

小悦再聊一个现实问题,问属相会不会冒犯人?

Here's a practical question: could asking about someone's animal feel intrusive?

Leo我在英国很少直接问年龄,所以有点犹豫。

I rarely ask people's ages directly in the UK, so I'm a little unsure.

小悦熟人闲聊经常问,但也要看对方愿不愿意。

Friends often ask casually, but you still need to see whether the person wants to talk about it.

Leo不能觉得换成动物,就完全不涉及隐私了。

Changing the question to an animal doesn't remove the privacy issue.

小悦知道一个人的属相,有时也能猜出年龄。

Knowing someone's zodiac animal can sometimes help you guess their age.

Leo属马的可能二十四,也可能三十六。

A horse could be twenty-four, or thirty-six.

小悦没错,差一轮就是十二年,不能直接确定。

Exactly. One cycle means twelve years, so the animal alone can't tell you for sure.

Leo那我要是猜错一轮,场面可能就尴尬了。

If I guess the wrong cycle, things could get awkward.

小悦所以知道就好,没必要当场把年龄算出来。

So you can leave it there. There's no need to calculate someone's age out loud.

Leo我可以接一句,原来你也属马,真巧。

I could just say, "You're a horse too? What a coincidence."

小悦对,把话接下去,不是把别人查个明白。

Yes. Keep the conversation going; you don't need to investigate the person.

Leo如果对方说不太清楚,我就不用追问了。

If they say they're not sure, I don't need to keep asking.

小悦可以说没关系,我们聊点别的。

You can say, "No worries. Let's talk about something else."

Leo自己不想回答,也能用这句话转开吗?

Can I change the subject that way if I don't want to answer, too?

小悦可以,你也可以笑着说,年龄先保密。

Of course. You could also smile and say, "I'll keep my age a secret for now."

Leo这就比我随口编一个属相靠谱多了。

That's much better than making up an animal on the spot.

小悦随口编也容易忘,下次别人问又对不上。

You might forget what you made up and give a different answer next time.

Leo那我的原则是,愿意就聊,不愿意就换话题。

Then my rule is: talk about it if both people want to; otherwise, change the subject.

小悦很好,学会表达,也要学会给对方留空间。

Good. Learning to talk also means learning to give the other person some space.

Leo这部分我也得记下来,英语课上也用得着。

I should remember that too. It'll be useful in English class.

小悦你准备给学生的生肖卡片,还想写什么?

What else do you want to put on those zodiac cards for your students?

Leo我看到有人写,属马的人活泼,属蛇的人冷静。

I've seen people say horses are lively and snakes are calm.

小悦可以介绍为传统说法,不能当成性格结论。

You can introduce that as a traditional saying, but not as a fact about someone's personality.

Leo不然我想偷懒时,别人就问这匹马怎么不跑。

Otherwise, whenever I want to be lazy, people will ask why this horse isn't running.

小悦我着急的时候,也不像传说里那么冷静。

When I get flustered, I'm not nearly as calm as the stories suggest.

Leo所以认识一个人,还是要听他说话、看他做事。

So to know a person, we still need to listen to them and see what they do.

小悦对,属相可以开个话题,不能替你判断别人。

Exactly. An animal can start a conversation; it can't judge a person for you.

Leo那卡片只写动物和年份,性格留给孩子自己说。

Then the cards will just have animals and years. The children can describe their own personalities.

小悦还可以教一句祝福,马到成功,很适合今年。

You could also teach a good wish: ma dao cheng gong. It fits this year nicely.

Leo马到成功,是祝别人做事顺利、很快成功?

Ma dao cheng gong. Does it wish someone smooth and speedy success?

小悦对,朋友准备考试或者开店,都可以这样祝福。

Yes. You can use it for a friend's upcoming exam or the opening of a shop.

Leo那我祝你甜品店马到成功,今天蛋糕全卖光。

Then I wish your bakery speedy success. May you sell every cake today.

小悦谢谢,最后这句最实在,我爱听。

Thank you. That last part is especially practical. I like it.

Leo是不是一说到动物,意思就都很吉利?

Do all animal expressions have lucky meanings, then?

小悦也不是,比如胆小如鼠,是形容人胆子小。

No. For example, dan xiao ru shu means someone is timid, like a mouse.

Leo所以生肖里的鼠,和成语里的鼠,不能混着理解。

So the zodiac rat and the rat in an idiom need to be understood separately.

小悦对,要看整句话和语境,别看到动物就猜。

Yes. Look at the whole sentence and the context. Don't guess from the animal alone.

Leo我今天最大的收获,就是终于不乱猜了。

That's my biggest lesson today: I've finally stopped guessing wildly.

小悦你想让孩子用英语介绍,也能给一个句子框架。

If you want the children to introduce themselves in English, give them a sentence pattern.

Leo比如我属马,我喜欢画画,不用照着性格说。

For example, "I'm a horse, and I like drawing." No personality predictions needed.

小悦对,第二句介绍自己,比背传统说法有意思。

Exactly. Telling us about themselves is more interesting than reciting traditional descriptions.

Leo有人属兔却跑得慢,也完全没有关系。

And it's perfectly fine to be a rabbit who runs slowly.

小悦当然,属龙的人,也不需要会飞。

Of course. People born in the dragon year don't have to fly, either.

Leo说到龙,我的学生肯定会想选它,看起来太厉害。

Speaking of dragons, I'm sure my students will want that one. It looks so impressive.

小悦可以喜欢龙,不过自己的生肖不是按喜好选的。

They can like dragons, but their own zodiac animal isn't something they choose.

Leo就像我不能因为喜欢猫,就临时改成属猫。

Just as I can't decide to be a cat because I like cats.

小悦画画可以自由发挥,查生肖要用出生日期。

Be creative with the drawings, but use the birth date to find the animal.

Leo那我把两件事分开,让孩子画自己喜欢的动物。

Then I'll separate the two activities and let them draw any animal they like.

小悦再用一句我属什么,介绍真正的生肖。

And they can use "I'm a..." to introduce their actual zodiac animal.

Leo这样既能练英语,也不会把生肖知识教混了。

That gives them English practice without mixing up the zodiac facts.

小悦给听众做个中文示范,先用你的名字开头。

Give our listeners an example in Chinese. Start with your own name.

Leo大家好,我叫陆子谦,我属马,今年二十四岁。

Hello. My name is Lu Ziqian. I'm a horse, and I'm twenty-four this year.

小悦这个介绍很清楚,你爷爷听到肯定也高兴。

That's a clear introduction. I'm sure your grandpa would be pleased to hear it.

Leo名字是他取的,现在连属相我也能解释了。

He gave me that name. Now I can explain my zodiac animal, too.

小悦你妹妹要是问你,也别只发一张年份表。

If your sister asks, don't just send her a chart of years.

Leo我先问完整生日,再帮她查,不能偷懒。

I'll ask for her full birth date and check it properly. No shortcuts.

小悦记得先问她想不想知道,别突然开始上课。

Ask whether she wants to know first. Don't suddenly launch into a lesson.

Leo你说得对,她可能只是想问我喝不喝咖啡。

You're right. She might only be asking whether I want coffee.

小悦而且你刚学会,不用每遇到一个人都问。

And just because you've learned it, you don't have to ask everyone you meet.

Leo我知道,我会忍住,不在奶茶店排队时查户口。

I know. I'll resist interviewing everyone in the milk tea queue.

小悦查户口在这里是玩笑,说你问得太细了。

That's a joke. "Checking household records" here means asking too many personal questions.

Leo明白,问完生肖,再问年份、年龄,就有点过了。

Got it. Following the animal with questions about birth year and age can be a bit much.

小悦对,聊得舒服,比把所有信息都问出来重要。

Yes. A comfortable conversation matters more than collecting every detail.

Leo今天从一只狮子,居然聊到了怎么尊重别人。

We started with a lion and somehow ended up talking about respecting people.

小悦语言就是这样,字面学会了,还要知道怎么用。

That's language for you. Knowing the words also means knowing how to use them.

Leo那我准备好了,这次可以正式接受检查。

Then I'm ready. You can give me a proper test now.

小悦那把卡片翻过来,我们最后练一次真实对话。

Turn those cards over, then. Let's finish with a real conversation.

Leo来吧,这次不用看答案,我准备好了。

Go ahead. I won't look at the answers this time. I'm ready.

小悦你属什么?今年是不是你的本命年?

What's your Chinese zodiac animal? Is this your benmingnian?

Leo我属马,今年正好是我的本命年。你呢?

I'm a horse, and yes, this is my benmingnian. What about you?

小悦我属蛇,比你早一年出生,本命年在去年。

I'm a snake, born the year before you. My last benmingnian was last year.

Leo明白了,祝福可以送,年份可不能送错。

Got it. Good wishes are always welcome, but I'd better get the year right.

小悦再加个情况,你的朋友一月出生,怎么查?

One more situation: your friend was born in January. How should they check their animal?

Leo把出生年份和日期一起查,确认春节的分界。

Check the exact birth date and find where it falls in relation to Chinese New Year.

小悦很好,现在轮到你把问题留给听众了。

Good. Now it's your turn to leave our listeners a question.

Leo你属什么?愿意的话,在评论里写一句我属马。

What's your animal? If you'd like, leave a sentence such as "I'm a horse" in the comments.

小悦换成你自己的属相就好,生日年份不用公开。

Use your own animal, of course. You don't need to share your birth date or year.

Leo也可以说说,你家有没有本命年穿红色的习惯。

You can also tell us whether your family wears red in their zodiac year.

小悦谢谢你听到这里,下次见面,试着用中文问问吧。

Thanks for listening. Next time you meet someone, try asking in Chinese.

Leo我先去改掉那张狮子卡片,我们下次接着聊!

I'll go fix that lion card first. See you next time for another chat!

改编阅读稿

由 Simply Natural Chinese 频道节目改编为完整三语网站阅读,不是逐字稿。

阅读稿可能与原视频或音频不逐字一致。

带走几个实用表达

重点词汇

生肖

shēng xiào

Chinese zodiac animal

你知道自己的生肖吗?

Do you know your Chinese zodiac animal?

属相

shǔ xiang

Chinese zodiac animal; another word for 生肖

我们两个人的属相不一样。

We have different Chinese zodiac animals.

属

shǔ

to be born in the year of a particular animal

我属马,你呢?

I was born in the Year of the Horse. What about you?

星座

xīng zuò

Western zodiac sign; constellation

别把星座和生肖弄混了。

Don't mix up Western star signs and Chinese zodiac animals.

弄混

nòng hùn

to mix things up

这两个词,我总是弄混。

I always mix up these two words.

农历

nóng lì

the traditional Chinese lunisolar calendar

春节按农历来算。

The Spring Festival follows the traditional Chinese calendar.

核对

hé duì

to check information against a reference

请把年份和日期一起核对。

Please check both the year and the exact date.

循环

xún huán

cycle; to repeat in a cycle

十二生肖每十二年循环一次。

The twelve zodiac animals repeat every twelve years.

本命年

běn mìng nián

the year of one's own Chinese zodiac animal

今年正好是我的本命年。

This happens to be the year of my own zodiac animal.

心意

xīn yì

kind intention; thought behind a gift

谢谢你的心意,我很喜欢。

Thank you for thinking of me. I really like it.

惦记

diàn ji

to keep someone in one's thoughts

奶奶一直惦记着我。

Grandma is always thinking of me.

隐私

yǐn sī

privacy; private information

问年龄也可能涉及隐私。

Asking someone's age can also be a privacy issue.

追问

zhuī wèn

to keep asking; to press for an answer

对方不想回答,就别追问了。

If they don't want to answer, don't keep asking.

查户口

chá hù kǒu

jokingly, to ask too many personal questions

别一见面就查户口。

Don't start grilling someone about their personal details as soon as you meet.

马到成功

mǎ dào chéng gōng

to achieve swift success; a good wish

明天考试,祝你马到成功!

Good luck with tomorrow's exam. I wish you speedy success!

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